6.1 应对风险和机遇的措施

6.1.1、在策划质量管理体系时，组织应考虑到4.1所提及的因素和4.2所提及的要求，并确定需要应对的风险和机遇，以：

a）确保质量管理体系能够实现其预期结果；

b）增强有利影响；

c）预防或减少不利影响；

d）实现改进。

6.1.2、组织应策划：

a）应对这些风险和机遇的措施；

b）如何：

1）在质量管理体系过程中整合并实施这些措施（见4.4）；

2）评价这些措施的有效性。

应对措施应与风险和机遇对产品和服务符合性的潜在影响相适应。

注1：应对风险可选择规避风险，为寻求机遇承担风险，消除风险源，改变风险的可能性或后果，分担风险，或通过信息充分的决策而保留风险。

注2：机遇可能导致采用新实践、推出新产品、开辟新市场、赢得新顾客、建立合作伙伴关系、利用新技术和其他可行之处，以应对组织或其顾客的需求。

6.1.1、When planning for the quality management system, the organization shall consider the issues referred to in 4.1 and the requirements referred to in 4.2 and determine the risks and opportunities that need to be addressed to:

a. give assurance that the quality management system can achieve its intended result(s);

b. enhance desirable effects;

c. prevent, or reduce, undesired effects;

d. achieve improvement.

6.1.1、The organization shall plan:

a. actions to address these risks and opportunities;

b. how to:

1.integrate and implement the actions into its quality management system processes (see 4.4);

2.evaluate the effectiveness of these actions.

Actions taken to address risks and opportunities shall be proportionate to the potential impact on the conformity of products and services.

NOTE 1: Options to address risks can include avoiding risk, taking risk in order to pursue an opportunity, eliminating the risk source, changing the likelihood or consequences, sharing the risk, or retaining risk by informed decision.

NOTE 2: Opportunities can lead to the adoption of new practices, launching new products, opening new markets, addressing new customers, building partnerships, using new technology and other desirable and viable possibilities to address the organization’s or its customers’ needs.